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 Organ > Muscles Of The Eyelid
 
Organ Details
 
Anatomy
The muscles of the eyelids are:
  • Levator palpebræ superioris: The Levator palpebræ superioris arise from a fibrous ring, which surrounds the upper, medial, and lower margins of the optic foramen of the skull and encircles the optic nerve. The ring is completed by a tendinous bridge over the lower and of the superior orbital fissure of the skull and attached to a tubercle on the margin of the great wing of the sphenoid of the skull.
  • Orbicularis oculi: The Orbicularis oculi arises from the nasal part of the frontal bone, from the frontal process of the maxilla, and from the anterior surface and borders of a short fibrous band. From this origin the fibers are forming a broad and thin layer, which occupies the eyelids or surrounds the circumference of the orbit, The palpebral portion of the muscle is thin and pale; while the orbital portion is thicker and of a reddish colour.
  • Corrugator: The Corrugator is a small, narrow, pyramidal muscle, which is placed at the medial end of the eyebrow beneath the frontalis muscle and Orbicularis oculi. It arises from the medial end of the superciliary arch; and its fibers pass upward and lateralward, between the palpebral and orbital portions of the Orbicularis oculi, and are inserted into the deep surface of the Skin, above the middle of the orbital arch.
The Orbicularis oculi and Corrugator is supplied by the facial nerve.Blood supply is by:
  • Lacrimal artery and its branches
  • Supraorbital artery
  • Medialpalpraebal artery
 
Functioning
  • The Orbicularis oculi is the sphincter muscle of the eyelids. The palpebral portion acts involuntarily, closing the lids gently, as in sleep or in blinking.
  • The Levator palpebræ superioris raises the upper eyelid and exposes the front of the bulb of the Eye.
  • The Corrugator draws the eyebrow downward and medialward, producing the vertical wrinkles of the forehead.
 
Ailments
  • Ptosis
  • Horner's Syndrome
  • Oculomotor nerve palsy
 
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