The Ankle Joint connects the Foot with the leg. The Ankle Joint allows the Foot to move upward and downward and in an inward and outward motion. The Ankle Joint has two parts, i.e. the first and the second part. The first part consists of Tibia on the inner side, Fibula on the outer side and the Talus below. This part is responsible for the up and down motion of the Foot. Beneath this is the second part of the Ankle known as the subtalar joint, which consists of the Talus on top and the Calcaneus on the bottom. The subtalar joint is responsible for the side-to-side motion of the Foot.

Calcaneus Bone: It is also called the ‘heel’ Bone. When we touch our heel, we actually feel this Bone. It is one of the longest and the strongest Bone of the Foot. It is cuboidal in form having irregular surface. Its long axis is directed forward and outwards. It has six surfaces. The upper and the back surface are involved in the Ankle Joint formation. On the back surface, there is a rough area called the Calcaneus tuberosity, this is the area where the Achilles tendon gets inserted. On its inner side, there is small shelf like projection called the sustentaculum tali. Underneath this the tendon of the flexor hallucis longus m. gets attached. The sustentaculum tali is the part that articulates with the talus forming the second part of the Ankle Joint. Talus Bone: The talus is also called the anklebone. It is the second largest of the tarsal bones. It occupies the middle and upper part of the Ankle, supporting the Tibia above, resting upon the Calcaneus below. It articulates on either side with the malleoli, and in front with the navicular Bone. It consists of 3 parts i.e. a body, a Neck, and a head. Body: It is the part of talus that participates in Ankle Joint formation. The upper surface is a smooth surface called the trochlea. This surface is broader in front than behind. The lower surface articulates with the Calcaneus. Neck: It is directed forward and inwards. It comprises the constricted portion of the Bone between the body and the oval head. Head: It is also directed forwards and inwards, it is little projected forwards. It articulates with the navicular Bone.

Calcaneus: It transmits the weight of the body to the ground, and forms a strong lever for the Muscles of the Calf. Talus: It is mainly concern with Ankle Joint formation. The talus is an important connector between the Foot and the leg and body, helping to transfer weight and pressure forces across the Ankle Joint. OSSIFICATION: The ossification centers for Calcaneus appear at the sixth month of fetal life and for talus it appears in the seventh month. The final ossification of the Calcaneus occurs at the tenth year.

Osteochondritis dissecans of talus Talus fracture Calcaneal fracture Calcaneal spur Tendo Achilles