The bulbourethral glands are also known as Cowper’s glands are two small, rounded, and somewhat lobulated bodies, of a yellow color, about the size of peas, placed behind and lateral to the membranous portion of the Urethra, Their existence is said to be constant: they gradually diminish in size as age advances. The excretory duct of each gland is nearly 2.5-cm long. Each gland is made up of several lobules, held together by a fibrous investment. Each lobule consists of a number of acini, lined by columnar epithelial cells, opening into one duct, which joins with the ducts of other lobules outside the gland to form the single excretory duct.

They secrete a clear fluid known as pre-ejaculate or Cowper's fluid, which is generated upon sexual arousal. Pre-ejaculate (also known as pre-ejaculatory fluid or Cowper's fluid) is the clear lubricating fluid that is issued from a man's Penis when he is aroused. Cowper’s glands usually secrete the fluid during or at an early stage during sex, some time before the semen is ejaculated. Pre-ejaculatory fluid prepares the Urethra for the passage of semen and neutralizes the pH of any residual urine. It also lubricates the movement of the foreskin over the glans of the Penis during sexual intercourse.